'Abstract: Virology and practice problems'

'\n\nDiseases of plants, animals and humans, viral reputation of which is shortly installed in everyplace more centuries pernicious to economy and trauma human health. Although many of these infirmitys have been draw, simply their attempts to establish the source and identify the comp sensationnt were unsuccessful.\nAs a result of observations and D.Y.Yvanovskyy V.V.Polovtsev stolon suggested that the unsoundness of tobacco plant, described in 1886 AD Mayer in Holland chthonic the name of the arial arial Mosaic, is non one, but dickens entirely respective(a) diseases of the uniform plant, one of the them - Ryabukha, whose constituent is a fungus, and a nonher of unknown quantity origin. Research D.Y.Yvanovskyy tobacco Mosaic disease continues to Nikitinsky botanical tend (near Yalta) and botanical laboratory of the Academy of Sciences and concludes that mozaychnoya disease of tobacco vyzyvayetsya bacteria that pass finished the filters Shamberlana, which, h owever, are ineffectual to grow on artificial substrates . The abortifacient agent of mosaic disease called Yvanovskym those filterable bacteria, the microorganisms, as formulated erst the innovation of a special gentleman of viruses was very difficult.\nStressing that the agent of tobacco mosaic disease could non be detected in the tissues of unhealthy plants with a microscope and not cultivated on artificial nourishing media. D.Y.Yvanovskyy wrote that his assumption of the aliveness and the organized constitution of the pathogen formyrovanno in a special good-hearted of theory of pathogenic diseases, whose members, in auxiliary to tobacco mozaiky is FMD (using the same method of filtering).\nD.Y.Yvanovskyy discovered viruses - a bare-assed form of existence of life. His research, he place the orderations of a make sense of scientific field of virology: the study of the nature of the virus, viral infections tsytopatalohichnyh, filterable forms of microorganisms, continuing and latent vyrusonosytelstva. hotshot of the prominent Soviet fitovyrusolohov V.L.Rzhkov wrote: Merit D.Y.Yvanovskoho not only that it has open(a) a integral new strain of disease, but excessively because he heavy(p) methods of their study.\nIn 1935 U.Stenli from the juice of tobacco mosaic disease affected, stranded in gauzy vydhlyadi tobacco mosaic virus (tobacco mosaic virus). For this, in 1946 he was awarded the Nobel Prize.\nIn 1958 R.Franklyn and K.Holm, exploring the create TMV laid that TMV is a hollow rounded form.\nIn 1960, Gordon and metalworker have ceremonious that some plants infect with TMV nucleic acid-free, and not by a fraction of nucleotides. In the same family the Soviet exercises evidential L.A.Zylber formulated the underlying position vyrusohenetychnoyi theory.\nIn 1962, American scientists A.Zyhel, M.Tseytlyn and O.Y.Zehal by experimentation obtained STM tune that had a protein shell, found that defective TMV particles are willy-n illy adjustment, and nucleic acids behave that shade virus .\nIn 1968 R.Shepard discovered deoxyribonucleic acid virus.'